mercredi 30 mars 2016

Other ways of checking if a class has a certain member function

Let's check if

struct Thing {
    int foo(double, bool) {return 0;}
};

has the int foo(double, bool) member function during compile time. There are many ways of doing this, and most are just variations of others. Can someone think of a way that is vastly different (or at least fairly creative) than the 5 ways I mention here? I'm just trying to learn some new techniques with templates and SFINAE.

#include <iostream>
#include <type_traits>

// Using void_t (this includes using std::is_detected).
template <typename T>
using void_t = void;

template <typename T, typename = void>
struct has_foo : std::false_type {};

template <typename T>
struct has_foo<T,
        void_t<decltype(static_cast<int>(std::declval<T>().foo(double{}, bool{})))>
    > : std::true_type {};

// Using the ... default argument.
template <typename T>
struct hasfoo {
    template <typename U>
    static std::true_type test (decltype(static_cast<int(T::*)(double, bool)>(&T::foo))*);  // or 'decltype(static_cast<int>(std::declval<U>().foo(double{}, bool{})))*' works fine too.

    template <typename>
    static std::false_type test (...);

    static constexpr bool value = decltype(test<T>(nullptr))::value;
};

// Overloads and trailing return types.
template <typename>
struct Helper : std::true_type {};

template <typename T>
auto helper(int) -> Helper<decltype(static_cast<int>(std::declval<T>().foo(double{}, bool{})))>;

template <typename>
std::false_type helper(long);

template <typename T>
constexpr bool hasFoo() {return decltype(helper<T>(0))::value;}

// Comma operator (basically the same as the above).
template <typename T>
auto check(int) -> decltype(static_cast<int>(std::declval<T>().foo(double{}, bool{})), std::true_type{});

template <typename T>
std::false_type check(...);

template <typename T>
using HasFoo = decltype(check<T>(0));

// Member function pointer template parameter.
template <typename T>
struct Hasfoo {
    template <typename U, int(U::*)(double, bool)>
    struct Tag;

    template <typename U>
    static constexpr bool test (Tag<U, U::foo>*) {return true;}

    template <typename>
    static constexpr bool test (...) {return false;}

    static constexpr bool value = test<T>(nullptr);
};

// Tests
struct Thing {
    int foo(double, bool) {return 0;}
};

int main() {
    static_assert (has_foo<Thing>::value, "");
    static_assert (hasfoo<Thing>::value, "");
    static_assert (hasFoo<Thing>(), "");
    static_assert (HasFoo<Thing>::value, "");
}

Edit: I just remembered an elegant and general solution that Yakk gave to a different question quite a while ago (here is his actual typing, modified only to match the foo function):

namespace meta {
  namespace details {
    template<template<class...>class Z, class=void, class...Ts>
    struct can_apply : std::false_type {};
    template<template<class...>class Z, class...Ts>
    struct can_apply<Z, decltype((void)(std::declval<Z<Ts...>>())), Ts...>:
      std::true_type
    {};
  }
  template<template<class...>class Z, class...Ts>
  using can_apply = details::can_apply<Z,void,Ts...>;
}

template<class T>
using member_foo = decltype( std::declval<T>().foo(double{}, bool{}) );

template<class T>
using has_member_foo = meta::can_apply<member_foo, T>;

Aucun commentaire:

Enregistrer un commentaire