How to throw exception for out of bounds write with std::transform?

I have the following code that copies a std::vector a into another std::vector b, but with 2 as the starting index. As both vectors are of length 4, this results in an out-of-bounds write. I would like to let this code throw an exception, but how can I do this? The code below crashes with a segmentation fault.

#include <vector>
#include <iostream>

int main()
{
    std::vector<double> a = {1, 2, 3, 4};
    std::vector<double> b(4);

    try
    {
        std::transform(a.begin(), a.begin()+4, b.begin()+2,
                [](const double d) { return d; });
    }
    catch (std::exception& e)
    {
        std::cout << "EXCEPTION: " << e.what() << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }

    return 0;
}