Thanks to the good book C++17 in details of Batlomiej Filipek. I am discovering some examples which use insert in the context of std::map.
So I visited cppreference.com to have a better idea about how it works.
https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/map/insert
However, at the bottom of the page, there is a valuable and long example which gives us different examples of usage of std::map::insert. I have tested it by myself on my computer to try to understand why with overload 1 and overload 4, the insertion fails.
And honestly, I did not understand why.
I would grateful to you to explain what happens in those 2 specific examples (why the insertion fails), as it seems to be a very interesting example which uses at the same time the notion of "structured bindings".
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <string>
using namespace std::literals;
template<typename It>
void printInsertionStatus(It it, bool success)
{
std::cout << "Insertion of " << it->first << (success ? " succeeded\n" : " failed\n");
}
int main()
{
std::map<std::string, float> karasunoPlayerHeights;
// Overload 3: insert from rvalue reference
const auto [it_hinata, success] = karasunoPlayerHeights.insert({ "Hinata"s, 162.8 });
printInsertionStatus(it_hinata, success);
{
// Overload 1: insert from lvalue reference
const auto [it, success2] = karasunoPlayerHeights.insert(*it_hinata);
printInsertionStatus(it, success2);
}
{
// Overload 2: insert via forwarding to emplace
const auto [it, success] = karasunoPlayerHeights.insert({ "Kageyama", 180.6 });
printInsertionStatus(it, success);
}
{
// Overload 6: insert from rvalue reference with positional hint
const std::size_t n = std::size(karasunoPlayerHeights);
const auto it = karasunoPlayerHeights.insert(it_hinata, { "Azumane"s, 184.7 });
printInsertionStatus(it, std::size(karasunoPlayerHeights) != n);
}
{
// Overload 4: insert from lvalue reference with positional hint
const std::size_t n = std::size(karasunoPlayerHeights);
const auto it = karasunoPlayerHeights.insert(it_hinata, *it_hinata);
printInsertionStatus(it, std::size(karasunoPlayerHeights) != n);
}
{
// Overload 5: insert via forwarding to emplace with positional hint
const std::size_t n = std::size(karasunoPlayerHeights);
const auto it = karasunoPlayerHeights.insert(it_hinata, { "Tsukishima", 188.3 });
printInsertionStatus(it, std::size(karasunoPlayerHeights) != n);
}
auto node_hinata = karasunoPlayerHeights.extract(it_hinata);
std::map<std::string, float> playerHeights;
// Overload 7: insert from iterator range
playerHeights.insert(std::begin(karasunoPlayerHeights),
std::end(karasunoPlayerHeights));
// Overload 8: insert from initializer_list
playerHeights.insert({ {"Kozume"s, 169.2}, {"Kuroo", 187.7} });
// Overload 9: insert node
const auto status = playerHeights.insert(std::move(node_hinata));
printInsertionStatus(status.position, status.inserted);
node_hinata = playerHeights.extract(status.position);
{
// Overload 10: insert node with positional hint
const std::size_t n = std::size(playerHeights);
const auto it = playerHeights.insert(std::begin(playerHeights),
std::move(node_hinata));
printInsertionStatus(it, std::size(playerHeights) != n);
}
// Print resulting map
std::cout << std::left << '\n';
for (const auto& [name, height] : playerHeights)
std::cout << std::setw(10) << name << " | " << height << "cm\n";
}
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