dimanche 26 juin 2022

Thread-safety about `std::map

In general, it's not thread-safe to access the same instance of std::map from different threads.

But is it could be thread-safe under such a condition:

  1. no more element would be added to the instance of std::map after it has been initialized
  2. the type of values of the std::map is std::atomic<T>

Here is the demo code:

#include<atomic>
#include<thread>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<iostream>

class Demo{
public:
Demo()
{
    mp_.insert(std::make_pair(1, true));
    mp_.insert(std::make_pair(2, true));
    mp_.insert(std::make_pair(3, true));
}

int Get(const int& integer, bool& flag)
{
    const auto itr = mp_.find(integer);
    if( itr == mp_.end())
    {
        return -1;
    }
    else
    {
        flag = itr->second;
        return 0;
    }
}
int Set(const int& integer, const bool& flag)
{
    const auto itr = mp_.find(integer);
    if( itr == mp_.end())
    {
        return -1;
    }
    else
    {
        itr->second = flag;
        return 0;
    }
}

private:
std::map<int, std::atomic<bool>> mp_;
};

int main()
{
    Demo demo;

    std::vector<std::thread> vec;

    vec.push_back(std::thread([&demo](){
        while(true)
        {
            for(int i=0; i<9; i++)
            {
                bool cur_flag = false;
                if(demo.Get(i, cur_flag) == 0)
                {
                    demo.Set(i, !cur_flag);
                }
                std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1000));
            }
        }
    }));

    vec.push_back(std::thread([&demo](){
        while(true)
        {
            for(int i=0; i<9; i++)
            {
                bool cur_flag = false;
                if(demo.Get(i, cur_flag)==0)
                {
                    std::cout << "(" << i << "," << cur_flag <<")" << std::endl;
                }
                std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
            }
        }
    })
    );

    for(auto& thread:vec)
    {
        thread.join();
    }
}

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