I have the following code to profile std::vector performance vs std::list for various N.
void vectorPerf(size_t n)
{
std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::time_point t1 = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
std::vector<size_t> cache;
for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
cache.push_back(i);
}
std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::time_point t2 = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
auto duration = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(t2-t1).count();
std::cout << duration << " us." << "\n";
return;
}
void listPerf(size_t n)
{
std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::time_point t1 = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
std::list<size_t> cache;
for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
cache.push_back(i);
}
std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::time_point t2 = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
auto duration = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(t2-t1).count();
std::cout << duration << " us." << "\n";
return;
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
if (argc != 2) {
return -1;
}
std::stringstream ss(argv[1]);
size_t n;
ss >> n;
vectorPerf(n);
std::cout << "\n";
listPerf(n);
std::cout << "\n";
}
For multiple runs of the same set of N, I get results where the results are consistently of the same order as the numbers below:
N std::vector std::list
1000 46 116
2000 85 217
5000 196 575
10000 420 1215
100000 3188 10497
1000000 34489 114330
What I am wondering is how come the performance of std::list is consistently worse then std::vector. For std::vector I would have expected the performance to be amortized O(N), because the internal object underpinning std::vector would need to be resized time to time. Since all I am doing is inserting an element to the end of the list I would have expected std::list to be O(1). So that would suggest that std::list would do better than std::vector but the opposite seems to be true.
I would appreciate if someone can shed some light on why this is happening. I am compiling on MacOS 10.12.6 using g++ on a 2015 MBP.
Thanks.
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