I would like to fully understand move semantics in C++11. So I have written couple of classes to see when different constructors are called:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class A {
public:
A() : a1_(0) {std::cout << "Calling constructor" << std::endl;}
A(A&& other){
std::cout << "Calling move constructor" << std::endl;
a1_ = other.a1_;
other.a1_ = 0;
}
// Move assignment operator.
A& operator=(A&& other) {
std::cout << "Calling move operator" << std::endl;
if (this != &other) {
a1_ = other.a1_;
other.a1_ = 0;
}
return *this;
}
// Copy constructor.
A(const A& other) {
std::cout << "Calling copy constructor" << std::endl;
a1_ = other.a1_;
}
// Copy assignment operator.
A& operator=(const A& other) {
std::cout << "Calling copy assignment operator" << std::endl;
if (this != &other) {
a1_ = other.a1_;
}
return *this;
}
private:
int a1_;
};
class B {
A oA_;
public:
B() {}
void setoA(A a) {oA_ = a;}
A getoA() {return oA_;}
};
A createA() {
A a1;
return a1;
}
B createB() {
B tmpB;
A tmpA;
tmpB.setoA(tmpA);
return tmpB;
}
int main() {
B b;
A a;
b.setoA(a);
std::cout << "**************************" << std::endl;
b.setoA(createA());
std::cout << "**************************" << std::endl;
b.setoA(std::move(createA()));
std::cout << "**************************" << std::endl;
B b2;
b2.setoA(b.getoA());
std::cout << "**************************" << std::endl;
createB();
return 0;
}
When I check the output of this code:
Calling constructor
Calling constructor
Calling copy constructor
Calling copy assignment operator
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Calling constructor
Calling copy assignment operator
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Calling constructor
Calling move constructor
Calling copy assignment operator
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Calling constructor
Calling copy constructor
Calling copy assignment operator
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Calling constructor
Calling constructor
Calling copy constructor
Calling copy assignment operator
I have several doubts here: First of all in first section, why is constructor being called twice?
I thought that if you pass r-value move constructor will be called, is that right? Isn't this b.setoA(createA());
an r-value?
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