Can std::numeric_limits::quiet_NaN double/float store some extra info

When storing double data in my data acquisition project, I identify all "missing" data using std::numeric_limits::quiet_NaN(). However, I'd like to store some extra information to know why the data is "missing" (data transmission lost, bad checksum, no measurement done, internal error....) so I need many different "nan" values in the end. And they must all be identified as NaN by any legacy code (x!=x).

I see in IEEE 754-1985 that NaN fraction could be "anything except all 0 bits (since all 0 bits represents infinity).". Can the fraction be used to safely store some extra info? If yes, how should I do this? Would this be totally safe on all platform and with any compiler?

Here is what I was thinking about:

double GetMyNaN1()
{
    double value = std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
    // customize it!
    return value;
}

double GetMyNaN2()
{
    double value = std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
    // customize it!
    return value;
}

bool IsMyNan1( double value )
{
    // return true if value was created by GetMyNaN1() 
}

bool IsMyNan2( double value )
{
    // return true if value was created by GetMyNaN2() 
}

int main()
{
    double regular_nan = std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
    double my_nan_1 = GetMyNaN1();
    double my_nan_2 = GetMyNaN2();

    assert( std::isnan( regular_nan ) && !IsMyNan1( regular_nan ) && !IsMyNan2( regular_nan ) );
    assert( std::isnan( my_nan_1 ) && IsMyNan1( my_nan_1 ) && !IsMyNan2( my_nan_1 ) );
    assert( std::isnan( my_nan_2 ) && !IsMyNan1( my_nan_2 ) && IsMyNan2( my_nan_2 ) );
    return 0;
}

The code must work on all platform.