Increment Operators c++, when is it applied? [duplicate]

I thought I understood how i++ and ++i, increment operators worked but after playing with a code example I am now very confused.

Minimum Viable Code Example

#include <iostream>
int main()
{
    std::cout << "i  k \n";
    int i{1}, k{0};
    k = i++ + ++i;
    std::cout << i << "  " << k << "\n";
    i = 1;
    k = i + ++i;
    std::cout << i << "  " << k << "\n";
    i = 1;
    k = 2 + ++i;
    std::cout << i << "  " << k << "\n\n";

    i = 1;
    k = i++ + i;
    std::cout << i << "  " << k << "\n";
    i = 1;
    k = i++ + 1;
    std::cout << i << "  " << k << "\n";
}

Output

i  k
3  4
2  4
2  4

2  3
2  2

When is the increment operator applied? After the value is used once? How far after a value is used can another ++i increment operators change the value when it was used?

Hopefully, these are not stupid questions ahaha